Pedunculopontine Nucleus
Hierarchy level in atlas is 5: 4 superstructures include it.
abbreviation: PPNAbbreviation
PPN
Species
Rat
Description of part
According to Jacobsonh 1909, Olszewski and Baxter 1954, Rye et al. 1987. Rye et al. (1987) regard the subpopulation of cholinergic neurons in this region as the pedunculopontine nucleus (see note 62), the region outlined here contains all the cells identified earlier in the PPN (Jacobson 1909, Olszewski and Baxter, 1954), although cholinergic neurons provide a very useful guide to its borders and seem to predominate numerically.
Part type
gray matter
Nomenclature
Swanson-1998
Endorsement
The approach used by the collator Mihail Bota is endorsed by the author of the nomenclature.
Collator argument
The position of this brain part in hierarchy was collated from the associated reference
Reference
Author:
Swanson LW
Title of Book:
Brain Maps: Structure of the Rat Brain
Year:
1998
Pages:
196-213
Edition:
second
Publisher:
Elsevier
- Brain
- Midbrain-Hindbrain
- Midbrain-Hindbrain, Sensory
- Midbrain-Hindbrain, Sensory, Somatosensory
- Paratrigeminal nucleus
- Mesencephalic nucleus of the trigeminal
- Nucleus z
- External cuneate nucleus
- Dorsal column nuclei
- Trigeminal ganglion
- Spinal nucleus of the trigeminal
- Spinal nucleus of the trigeminal interpolar part
- Spinal nucleus of the trigeminal oral part
- Spinal nucleus of the trigeminal oral part middle dorsomedial part, dorsal zone
- Spinal nucleus of the trigeminal oral part caudal dorsomedial part
- Spinal nucleus of the trigeminal oral part rostral dorsomedial part
- Spinal nucleus of the trigeminal oral part ventrolateral part
- Spinal nucleus of the trigeminal oral part middle dorsomedial part, ventral zone
- Spinal nucleus of the trigeminal caudal part
- Principal sensory nucleus of the trigeminal
- Midbrain-Hindbrain, Sensory, Gustatory-Visceral
- Area postrema
- Nucleus of the solitary tract
- Parabrachial nucleus
- Parabrachial nucleus lateral division
- Parabrachial nucleus lateral division extreme lateral part
- Parabrachial nucleus lateral division external lateral part
- Parabrachial nucleus lateral division superior lateral part
- Parabrachial nucleus lateral division central lateral part
- Parabrachial nucleus lateral division ventral lateral part
- Parabrachial nucleus lateral division dorsal lateral part
- Parabrachial nucleus lateral division internal lateral part
- Kolliker-Fuse subnucleus
- Parabrachial nucleus medial division
- Parabrachial nucleus lateral division
- Midbrain-Hindbrain, Sensory, Visual
- Pretectal region
- Lateral terminal nucleus of the accessory optic tract
- Parageminal nucleus
- Medial terminal nucleus of the accessory optic tract
- Superior colliculus
- Dorsal terminal nucleus of the accessory optic tract
- Midbrain-Hindbrain, Sensory, Auditory
- Nucleus of the trapezoid body
- Nucleus of the lateral lemniscus
- Nucleus of the brachium of the inferior colliculus
- Superior olivary complex
- Nucleus sagulum
- Inferior colliculus
- Cochlear nuclei
- Midbrain-Hindbrain, Sensory, Vestibular
- Midbrain-Hindbrain, Sensory, Somatosensory
- Pre-Post Cerebellar nuclei
- Reticular core
- Interpeduncular nucleus
- Reticular formation
- Paragigantocellular reticular nucleus
- Pontine reticular nucleus
- Mesencephalic reticular nucleus
- Supratrigeminal nucleus
- Medullary reticular nucleus
- Cuneiform nucleus
- Gigantocellular reticular nucleus
- Parapyramidal nucleus
- Magnocellular reticular nucleus
- Parvicellular reticular nucleus
- Pedunculopontine nucleus
- Central gray of the brain
- Raphe of mesenchephalon
- Midbrain-Hindbrain, Motor
- Midbrain-Hindbrain, Motor, Pharynx-Larynx-Esophagus
- Midbrain-Hindbrain, Motor, Tongue
- Midbrain-Hindbrain, Motor, Extrapyramidal
- Midbrain-Hindbrain, Motor, Eye
- Midbrain-Hindbrain, Motor, Neck
- Midbrain-Hindbrain, Motor, Face
- Midbrain-Hindbrain, Motor, Labyrinth
- Midbrain-Hindbrain, Motor, Jaw
- Midbrain-Hindbrain, Motor, Viscera
- Midbrain-Hindbrain, Sensory
- Lateral ventricle
- Interventricular foramen
- Cerebrum
- Cerebral cortex
- Layer 6b(layer 7, subplate, deep cortex, claustral complex)
- Cerebral cortex, layers1-6a [cortical plate]
- Auditory areas
- Ectorhinal area
- Gustatory areas
- Retrosplenial area
- Somatic motor areas
- Perirhinal area
- Posterior parietal association areas
- Prelimbic area
- Visual areas
- Hippocampal formation
- Ventral temporal association areas
- Visceral area
- Anterior cingulate area
- Orbital area
- Infralimbic area
- Agranular insular area
- Somatosensory areas
- Olfactory areas
- Taenia tecta
- Postpiriform transition area
- Cortical nucleus of the amygdala
- Accessory olfactory bulb
- Anterior olfactory nucleus
- Piriform area
- Main olfactory bulb
- Nucleus of the lateral olfactory tract
- Piriform-amygdaloid area
- Basal Nuclei
- Pallidum
- Pallidum ventral region
- Pallidum dorsal region
- Pallidum rostral region
- Bed nucleus of the stria medularis
- Bed nucleus of the anterior commissure
- Bed nuclei of the stria terminalis
- Bed nuclei of the stria terminalis posterior division
- Bed nuclei of the stria terminalis posterior division transverse nucleus
- Bed nuclei of the stria terminalis posterior division dorsal nucleus
- Bed nuclei of the stria terminalis posterior division cell-sparse zone
- Bed nuclei of the stria terminalis posterior division premedullary nucleus
- Bed nuclei of the stria terminalis posterior division interfascicular nucleus
- Bed nuclei of the stria terminalis posterior division strial extension
- Bed nuclei of the stria terminalis posterior division principal nucleus
- Bed nuclei of the stria terminalis anterior division
- Bed nuclei of the stria terminalis anterior division anteroventral area
- Bed nuclei of the stria terminalis anterior division ventral nucleus
- Bed nuclei of the stria terminalis oval nucleus
- Bed nuclei of the stria terminalis anterior division dorsomedial nucleus
- Bed nuclei of the stria terminalis anterolateral area
- Bed nuclei of the stria terminalis anterior division magnocellular nucleus
- Bed nuclei of the stria terminalis anterior division dorsolateral nucleus
- Bed nuclei of the stria terminalis, anterior division, subcommisural zone
- Bed nuclei of the stria terminalis anterior division fusiform nucleus
- Bed nuclei of the stria terminalis rhomboid nucleus
- Bed nuclei of the stria terminalis anterior division anterodorsal area
- Bed nuclei of the stria terminalis juxtacapsular nucleus
- Bed nuclei of the stria terminalis posterior division
- Striatum
- Striatum medial (septal) region
- Lateral septal complex
- Lateral septal nucleus
- Lateral septal nucleus caudal (caudodorsal) part
- Lateral septal nucleus caudal (caudodorsal) part dorsal zone
- Lateral septal nucleus caudal (caudodorsal) part dorsal zone dorsal region
- Lateral septal nucleus caudal (caudodorsal) part dorsal zone ventral region
- Lateral septal nucleus caudal (caudodorsal) part dorsal zone rostral region
- Lateral septal nucleus caudal (caudodorsal) part dorsal zone lateral region
- Lateral septal nucleus caudal (caudodorsal) part ventral zone
- Lateral septal nucleus caudal (caudodorsal) part dorsal zone
- Lateral septal nucleus rostral (rostroventral) part
- Lateral septal nucleus rostral (rostroventral) part dorsolateral zone
- Lateral septal nucleus rostral (rostroventral) part ventrolateral zone
- Lateral septal nucleus rostral (rostroventral) part medial zone
- Lateral septal nucleus ventral part
- Lateral septal nucleus caudal (caudodorsal) part
- Septofimbrial nucleus
- Septohippocampal nucleus
- Lateral septal nucleus
- Lateral septal complex
- Striatum dorsal region
- Striatum caudal (amygdalar) region
- Central nucleus of amygdala
- Medial nucleus of the amygdala
- Anterior amygdaloid area
- Intercalated nuclei of the amygdala
- Bed nucleus of the accessory olfactory part
- Striatum ventral region
- Striatum medial (septal) region
- Pallidum
- Cerebral cortex
- Cerebral aqueduct
- Pituitary gland
- Brainstem
- Interbrain
- Hypothalamus
- Medial zone of the hypothalamus
- Posterior hypothalamic nucleus
- Mammillary body
- Tuberal area of the hypothalamus
- Anterior hypothalamic area
- Medial preoptic area
- Lateral zone of the hypothalamus
- Periventricular zone of the hypothalamus
- Median preoptic nucleus
- Dorsomedial nucleus of the hypothalamus
- Suprachiasmatic preoptic nucleus
- Posterior periventricular nucleus of the hypothalamus
- Paraventricular nucleus of the hypothalamus
- Paraventricular nucleus of the hypothalamus, descending division
- Paraventricular nucleus of the hypothalamus, descending division, dorsal parvicellular part
- Paraventricular nucleus of the hypothalamus, descending division, medial parvicellular part, ventral zone
- Paraventricular nucleus of the hypothalamus, descending division, forniceal part
- Paraventricular nucleus of the hypothalamus, descending division, lateral parvicellular part
- Paraventricular nucleus of the hypothalamus, parvicellular division
- Paraventricular nucleus of the hypothalamus, magnocellular division
- Paraventricular nucleus of the hypothalamus, descending division
- Anterior periventricular nucleus of the hypothalamus
- Intermediate periventricular nucleus of the hypothalamus
- Supraoptic nucleus
- Anteroventral periventricular nucleus
- Arcuate nucleus of the hypothalamus
- Preoptic periventricular nucleus
- Vascular organ of the lamina terminalis
- Pituitary gland, neural lobe
- Medial zone of the hypothalamus
- Retina
- Thalamus
- Dorsal Thalamus
- Anterior group of the dorsal thalamus
- Medial group of the dorsal thalamus
- Ventral group of the dorsal thalamus
- Geniculate group of the dorsal thalamus
- Midline group of the dorsal thalamus
- Intralaminar nuclei of the dorsal thalamus
- Lateral group of the dorsal thalamus
- Subfornical organ
- Ventral thalamus
- Epithalamus
- Dorsal Thalamus
- Hypothalamus
- Interbrain
- Cerebellum
- Arbor vitae
- Cerebellar cortex
- Deep cerebellar nuclei
- Cerebellar commissure
- Cerebellar peduncles
- Third ventricle
- Fourth ventricle
- Midbrain-Hindbrain
- Projection Strength
- Substantia nigra reticular part moderate
- Infralimbic area moderate/weak
- Bed nuclei of the stria terminalis rhomboid nucleus moderate/weak
- Anterior pretectal nucleus weak
- Superior colliculus weak
- Pontine reticular nucleus caudal part weak
- Periaqueductal gray weak
- Precommissural nucleus weak
- Substantia nigra weak
- Prelimbic area weak
- Bed nuclei of the stria terminalis anterior division dorsomedial nucleus weak
- Medial preoptic area weak
- Medial preoptic nucleus weak
- Bed nuclei of the stria terminalis anterior division ventral nucleus very weak
- Bed nuclei of the stria terminalis anterior division magnocellular nucleus very weak
- Ventral part of the lateral geniculate complex very weak
- Reticular nucleus of the thalamus very weak
- Substantia nigra compact part exists
- Endopiriform nucleus dorsal part exists
- Piriform area polymorph layer exists
- Substantia innominata exists
- Magnocellular preoptic nucleus exists
- Globus pallidus lateral segment exists
- Bed nuclei of the stria terminalis exists
- Caudoputamen exists
- Fundus of the striatum exists
- Anterior hypothalamic nucleus exists
- Retrochiasmatic area exists
- Medial preoptic nucleus medial part exists
- Medial preoptic nucleus central part exists
- Medial preoptic nucleus lateral part exists
- Anteroventral preoptic nucleus exists
- Lateral preoptic area exists
- Lateral hypothalamic area exists
- Median preoptic nucleus exists
- Paraventricular nucleus of the hypothalamus, descending division, medial parvicellular part, ventral zone exists
- Paraventricular nucleus of the hypothalamus, descending division, lateral parvicellular part exists
- Paraventricular nucleus of the hypothalamus, parvicellular division, anterior parvicellular part exists
- Posterior complex of the thalamus exists
- Zona incerta exists
